RELATIONSHIP OF PERCEIVED SOCIAL SUPPORT AND THE COMPENSATION GOALS OF PATIENTS WITH ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION AND DIABETES MELLITUS

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Chronic diseases are a current problem since there are high percentages of decompensation in hypertensive and diabetic patients, which makes it interesting to evaluate the social determinants that influence and social support as a multidimensional concept. OBJECTIVE: To relate the perceived social support, medication adherence, literacy and sociodemographic variables with the achievement of compensation in patients with arterial hypertension and / or diabetes mellitus. METHODOLOGY: Descriptive correlational descriptive study is performed methodologically. RESULTS: 600 people were studied, with an average age of 62.9 years, 63.5% women. 64.66% are diabetic and 89.5% hypertensive (46.9% and 43.33% decompensated respectively). The perceived social support was high and showed inadequate adherence to drug treatment and adequate literacy (57.6%). An analysis of relationships that are significantly related between a lower perception of instrumental support and being a woman is performed; the perception of social interaction support with increasing age and in relation to affective support, the perception of older years of studies. When performing a logistic regression, there is no statistically significant relationship between the perception of low social support and the compensation levels of the compensation parameters. There is evidence of an association between children under 8 years of study and presentation of high arterial references. DISCUSSION: There is difficulty in measuring the concept of social support, since the meaning and meaning is personal. Chronic pathologies as stressors should be an element that continues to study with longitudinal and experimental studies. Clinical strategies for the compensation of hypertension and diabetes must go beyond social support, considering the increasing complications and mortality projections. CONCLUSION: Emphasizes the importance of addressing social support considering its subjective and contextual nature, though no direct correlation with therapeutic achievement was established. Highlights inadequate adherence to pharmacological treatment, the association between low education and elevated blood pressure.